Description
What is HGH Fragment 176–191?
HGH Fragment 176–191 (sometimes called AOD‑9401 in older nomenclature, though distinct from AOD‑9604 which carries an additional N‑terminal tyrosine) is a synthetic 16‑amino‑acid C‑terminal fragment of human growth hormone. Preclinical work in the 1990s–2000s suggested it retained GH’s lipolytic activity while lacking the hyperglycemic and growth‑promoting effects of the full‑length hormone.
Mechanism of Action
- Acts on a putative beta‑3 adrenergic‑receptor‑related / GH‑fragment‑specific pathway in adipocytes
- Stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipogenesis in preclinical adipocyte models
- Does not signal through the GH receptor in a classical JAK2/STAT5 manner, so no significant IGF‑1 increase or insulin‑resistance effects reported in short‑term studies
- Short plasma half‑life (~30 min)
Compound Properties
- Molecular formula: C78H125N23O23S2
- Molecular weight: ~1817.1 g/mol
- CAS: 66004‑57‑7 (parent GH fragment)
- Sequence (hGH 176–191): Tyr‑Leu‑Arg‑Ile‑Val‑Gln‑Cys‑Arg‑Ser‑Val‑Glu‑Gly‑Ser‑Cys‑Gly‑Phe
- Form: Lyophilized powder
- Unit size: 10 mg / vial
- Source: Solid‑phase peptide synthesis; ≥99% purity by HPLC
Research‑Reference Dosing
Published research‑reference ranges in preclinical literature:
- Ng & Bornstein, Diabetes (1978, foundational): characterization of GH‑fragment lipolytic activity.
- Heffernan et al., Endocrinology (2001): lipolytic and glucose‑regulating effects of hGH 177–191 in obese rodents.
- Published human efficacy data for HGH Fragment 176–191 as a stand‑alone agent is extremely limited; most robust human data exists instead for the closely related analog AOD‑9604.
Research Findings
- Selective lipolytic activity in rodent adipocytes without IGF‑1 elevation (Heffernan 2001)
- Minimal effects on carbohydrate metabolism in short‑term preclinical models
- Human clinical efficacy data as a stand‑alone agent is sparse; most translational data pertains to AOD‑9604
Known Side Effects Reported in Research/Trials
- Injection‑site reactions
- Generally well tolerated in short‑term preclinical models
- Long‑term human safety data unavailable
- Possible interaction with insulin signaling has not been fully characterized
Storage & Handling
- Lyophilized (unreconstituted) vials: store at −20°C long‑term; short‑term 2–8°C acceptable.
- After reconstitution with bacteriostatic or sterile water: store at 2–8°C; use within 14–28 days per standard peptide stability guidance.
- Protect from light, heat, and repeated freeze‑thaw cycles. Handle in a sterile laboratory environment.
Certificate of Analysis
A Certificate of Analysis (COA) confirming identity and purity by HPLC / MS is available upon request. Contact Lonestar Peptides for lot‑specific documentation.
Summaries reference peer‑reviewed preclinical and clinical literature available as of early 2025. Newer findings may not be reflected. Researchers should consult current literature and conduct their own due diligence. Lonestar Peptides makes no claim of therapeutic benefit.







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