Description
What is Ipamorelin?
Ipamorelin is a selective pentapeptide (Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2) developed by Novo Nordisk as a growth hormone secretagogue. It binds the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) and stimulates pulsatile growth hormone (GH) release from the anterior pituitary without meaningfully elevating cortisol, prolactin, or ACTH — a selectivity profile that distinguishes it from earlier GHRPs.
Mechanism of Action
- Selective agonist at the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) on pituitary somatotrophs.
- Activates the phospholipase C / IP3 / intracellular calcium pathway, triggering GH release.
- Synergistic with GHRH signaling — co-administration produces GH pulses larger than either peptide alone.
- Minimal cross-activation of receptors governing cortisol, prolactin, or ACTH in published preclinical and phase-1 data.
Compound Properties
- Sequence: Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2
- Molecular formula: C38H49N9O5
- Molecular weight: 711.86 g/mol
- CAS number: 170851-70-4
- Form: Lyophilized powder
- Unit size: 10 mg / vial
- PubChem CID: 11361564
Research-Reference Dosing
The following protocols are drawn from published preclinical and phase-1 literature. They are provided solely as a reference for laboratory research design and are not instructions for human use.
- Raun et al. (European Journal of Endocrinology, 1998): single IV bolus of 0.03–3 μg/kg produced dose-dependent GH release in healthy volunteers.
- Gobburu et al. (Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1999): pharmacokinetic modeling of IV ipamorelin at doses up to 0.9 μg/kg.
- Beck et al. (American Journal of Physiology – Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 2014): subcutaneous dosing in postoperative ileus trials (0.03 mg/kg twice daily).
Research Findings (Published Data)
- Raun 1998: selective, dose-dependent GH release without significant cortisol or prolactin elevation.
- Sinha et al. (Growth Hormone & IGF Research, 2011): combination of ipamorelin with GHRH analogs produced synergistic GH pulses in animal models.
- Postoperative ileus phase-2 program (2010–2014): statistically significant acceleration of GI transit vs. placebo, though the program did not advance to approval.
Known Side Effects Reported in Trials
- Mild and transient: headache, flushing, injection-site reaction, mild nausea.
- Moderate: transient increases in blood glucose and slight reductions in insulin sensitivity with repeated dosing.
- No cortisol or prolactin elevations of clinical significance were reported in the published phase-1 and phase-2 programs.
Storage & Handling
Store lyophilized vial at -20 °C protected from light. Once reconstituted in bacteriostatic water, store at 2–8 °C and use within 14–28 days. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Certificate of Analysis
A batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (CoA) including HPLC purity, mass spectrometry identity confirmation, and endotoxin testing is available upon request for each production lot.







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